How to Calculate GPA and CGPA on the HEC 4.0 Scale

Updated 27 October 2026

Most Pakistani universities follow the HEC-recommended 4.0 grading scale. Your GPA is not a simple average of grades: each course is weighted by its credit hours. Here is how to calculate it by hand.

Grade points

A = 4.00, A- = 3.67, B+ = 3.33, B = 3.00, B- = 2.67, C+ = 2.33, C = 2.00, C- = 1.67, D+ = 1.33, D = 1.00, F = 0. Some universities use slightly different cut-offs, so check your own grading policy.

Semester GPA

Multiply each course's grade points by its credit hours, add them up and divide by total credit hours.

• Course 1 – 3 credits × A (4.00) = 12.00
• Course 2 – 3 credits × B+ (3.33) = 9.99
• Course 3 – 3 credits × B (3.00) = 9.00
• Course 4 – 2 credits × A- (3.67) = 7.34

Total points = 38.33, total credits = 11, so GPA = 38.33 ÷ 11 = 3.48.

Cumulative CGPA

CGPA combines all semesters by credit hours, not by averaging the GPAs. If your previous CGPA was 3.20 over 60 credits and this semester's GPA is 3.48 over 11 credits: (3.20 × 60 + 38.33) ÷ 71 = 230.33 ÷ 71 = 3.24.

The CGPA calculator handles any number of courses and your previous CGPA, so you can also test what grades you need to reach a target such as 3.0 or 3.5.

CGPA to percentage

There is no single national conversion. Employers and universities that need a percentage usually accept the formula printed on your transcript or a letter from your university, so use that rather than an online rule of thumb.